Kate Fitch
Communicating mental illness and suicide: Public relations students' perceptions of ethical practice
Mental illness and suicide are complex issues which have significant social and economic implications. This study investigates the perceptions of public relations students in Australia towards ethics, following exposure to resources developed to educate students about the ethical challenges in communicating mental health issues. The findings suggest students recognise ambiguity around 'professional' ethics in relation to these issues; the need for personal responsibility in ethical public relations practice; that ethical development is incremental; and that they learn most effectively through major assignments. The study includes recommendations for the teaching of ethics in relation to complex issues such as mental health
Keywords: Public relations, ethics, education, mental illness, suicide
References
- Australian Bureau of Statistics (2006) Migration, Australia 2004-05 (cat. no. 3412.0). Available online at http://www.ausstats.abs.gov.au/Ausstats/subscriber.nsf/0/9D6824AFE7734DA8CA25713F0016F8C4/$File/34120_2004-05.pdf, accessed on 12 May 2011
- Australian Bureau of Statistics (2009) Mental Health, Australian Social Trends 4102.0. Available online at http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Lookup/4102.0Main+Features30March%202009, accessed on 12 May 2011
- Biggs, John (2003) Teaching for quality learning at university, Buckingham, Open University Press/Society for Research into Higher Education, second edition
- Billett, Stephen (2004) Workplace participatory practices: Conceptualising workplaces as learning environments, Journal of Workplace Learning, Vol. 16, Nos 5/6 pp 312-324
- Billett, Stephen (2009) Realising the educational worth of integrating work experiences in higher education, Studies in Higher Education, Vol. 34, No. 7 pp 827-843
- Bowen, Shannon (2005) Ethics of public relations, Heath, Robert L. (ed.) Encyclopedia of Public Relations, Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage Reference pp 294-297
- Breit, Rhonda (2007) Law and ethics for professional communicators, Chatswood, NSW, LexisNexis Butterworth
- Breit, Rhonda and Kristin Demetrious (2010) Professionalisation and public relations: An ethical mismatch, Ethical Space, Vol, 7, No. 4 pp 20-29
- Chia, Joy (2009) Intercultural interpretations: making public relations education culturally relevant, Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice, Vol. 6, No. 1. Available online at http://ro.uow.edu.au/jutlp/vol6/iss1/5/, accessed on 12 May 2011
- ConNetica Consulting (2009) The estimation of the economic cost of suicide to Australia. Available online at http://www.aph.gov.au/Senate/committee/clac_ctte/suicide/submissions/Add_info05.pdf, accessed on 14 July 2011
- ConNetica Consulting (2010) Suicide and suicide prevention in Australia - breaking the silence. Available online at http://suicidepreventionaust.org.tmp.anchor.net.au/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/Breaking-the-Silence.pdf, accessed on 14 July 2011
- Cooper, Lesley, Orrell, Janice and Bowden, Margaret (2010) Work integrated learning: A guide to effective practice, London and New York, Routledge
- Council of Australian Governments (2006) National Action Plan on Mental Health 2006-2011. Available online at http://www.coag.gov.au/coag_meeting_outcomes/2006-07-14/docs/nap_mental_health.pdf, accessed on 14 July 2011
- Daymon, Christine and Holloway, Immy (2011) Qualitative research methods in public relations and marketing communications, Abingdon and New York, Routledge, second edition
- Fitch, Kate (2011) Developing professionals: Student experiences of a real-client project, Higher Education Research & Development, Vol. 30, No. 4 pp 1-13
- Fitch, Kate and Surma, Anne (2006) The challenges of international education: Developing a public relations unit for the Asian region, Journal of University Learning and Teaching Practice, Vol. 3, No. 2 pp 104-113
- Fitzpatrick, Kathy and Gauthier, Candace (2001) Toward a professional responsibility theory of public relations ethics, Journal of Mass Media Ethics, Vol. 16, Nos 2-3 pp 193-212
- Fontana, Andrew and Frey, James (2000) The interview: From structured questions to negotiated text, Denzin, Norman and Lincoln, Yvonna (eds) Handbook of qualitative research design, Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage pp 645-672, second edition
- Herrman, Helen, Saxena, Shekhar and Moodie, Rob (eds) (2004) Promoting mental health: Concepts, emerging evidence, practice. Summary report from the World Health Organisation, Geneva, Switzerland. Available online at http://www.who.int/mental_health/evidence/en/promoting_mhh.pdf, accessed on 14 July 2011
- Hunter Institute of Mental Health (2010a) Issues and impact: Communicating mental illness and suicide (booklet). Available online at http://www.responseability.org/client_images/820717.pdf, accessed on 7 May 2011
- Hunter Institute of Mental Health (2010b) Response Ability for public relations. Available online at http://www.himh.org.au/site/index.cfm?display=153913, accessed on 7 May 2011
- Krueger, Richard and Casey, Mary Anne (2000) Focus groups: A practical guide for applied research, Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage, third edition
- Lincoln, Yvonna and Guba, Egon (1985) Naturalistic inquiry, Newbury Park, CA, Sage
- Mason, Nerida and Skehan, Jaelea (2009) Evaluation report: Response Ability for Public Relations pilot study, Newcastle, Hunter Institute of Mental Health. Available online at http://www.responseability.org/client_images/872504.pdf, accessed on 14 October 2010
- Pirkis, Jane and Blood, R. Warwick (2001) Suicide and the media: A critical review, Canberra, Commonwealth Department of Health and Aged Care. Available online at http://www.mindframe-media.info/client_images/372860.pdf, accessed on 21 January 2011
- Pirkis, Jane and Blood, R. Warwick (2010) Suicide and the news and information media: A critical review, Canberra, Commonwealth Department of Health and Aged Care. Available online at http://www.mindframe-media.info/client_images/900016.pdf, accessed on 21 January 2011
- Pirkis, Jane, Blood, R. Warwick, Francis, Catherine, Putnis, Peter, Burgess, Philip, Morley, Belinda, Stewart, Andrew and Payne, Trish (2001) The media monitoring project: A baseline description of how the Australian media report and portray suicide and mental health and illness, Commonwealth Department of Health and Aged Care, Canberra. Available online at http://www.mindframe-media.info/client_images/372858.pdf, accessed on 21 January 2011
- Pirkis, Jane, Blood, R. Warwick, Dare, Andrew, Holland, Kate et al (2008) The Media Monitoring Project: Changes in media reporting of suicide and mental health and illness in Australia: 2000/01-2006/07, Commonwealth Department of Health an Aged Care, Canberra. Available online at http://www.mindframe-media.info/client_images/900018.pdf, accessed on 10 May 2011
- Romeo, Michael, Green, Kerry, Skehan, Jaelea, Visser, Amy, Coan, Lyndall and Hazell, Trevor (2008) Researching and reporting on suicide or mental illness: A student perspective, Australian Journalism Review, October, Vol. 30, No. 1 pp 123-130
- Sheridan Burns, Lynette and Hazell, Trevor (1998) Response…Ability: Youth suicide and the National University Curriculum Project, Australian Journalism Review, Vol. 20, No. 2 pp 111-128
- Skehan, Jaelea, Sheridan Burns, Lynette and Hazell, Trevor (2009) The Response Ability project: Integrating the reporting of suicide and mental illness into journalism curricula, Journalism and Mass Communication Educator, Vol. 64, No. 2 pp 192-204
- Starck, Kenneth and Kruckeberg, Dean (2003) Ethical obligations of public relations in an era of globalisation, Journal of Communication Management, Vol. 8, No.1 pp 29-40
- Wilkinson, Sue (2004) Focus group research, Silverman, David (ed.) Qualitative research: theory, method and practice, London, Sage pp 177-199
Note on the contributor
Kate Fitch is academic chair of public relations at Murdoch University in Australia. Kate received an Australian Learning and Teaching Council Citation for Outstanding Contributions to Student Learning in 2011, and has written book chapters and journal articles on public relations pedagogy, global public relations, community relations, social media, gender, and public relations in Southeast Asia. Her research interests include public relations education and theory. Before joining the university, she worked in public relations roles in arts and government sectors in the UK and Australia. She has published in Prism, Asia Pacific Public Relations Journal, Higher Education Research and Development and the Journal of University Learning and Teaching Practice. Recent articles include Developing professionals: student experiences of a real-client project (2011) and Working girls: Revisiting the gendering of public relations (2010), co-authored with Amanda Third. Contact details: School of Media Communication & Culture, Murdoch University, South St, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. Email: k.fitch@murdoch.edu.au; tel: +618 9360 6149.
|